The first law of thermodynamic is a special case of

Options

A. Newton's law
B. the law of conservation of energy
C. Charle's law
D. the law of heat exchange.

Answer

To solve the question, "The first law of thermodynamics is a special case of," we need to analyze the options provided and understand the fundamental principles behind the first law of thermodynamics.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the First Law of Thermodynamics**:
- The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
\[ \Delta Q = \Delta U + \Delta W \]
where \( \Delta Q \) is the heat added to the system, \( \Delta U \) is the change in internal energy, and \( \Delta W \) is the work done by the system.

2. **Identifying the Options**:
- The options given are:
1. Newton's law of conservation of energy
2. Charles' law
3. Law of heat exchange

3. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **Newton's Law of Conservation of Energy**: This law states that the total energy in an isolated system remains constant. The first law of thermodynamics is essentially a specific application of this principle, as it deals with the conversion of heat energy into internal energy and work.
- **Charles' Law**: This law relates to the behavior of gases, specifically how gas volume changes with temperature at constant pressure. It does not relate to energy conservation.
- **Law of Heat Exchange**: This law deals with the transfer of heat between bodies but does not encompass the broader principle of energy conservation as the first law does.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Since the first law of thermodynamics is fundamentally about the conservation of energy and how it can be transformed, it is a special case of Newton's law of conservation of energy. Therefore, the correct answer is:
\[ \text{Option 1: Newton's law of conservation of energy} \]

### Final Answer:
The first law of thermodynamics is a special case of Newton's law of conservation of energy.

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