Enzyme differs from the catalyst by

Options

A. remaining unchanged
B. not altering the equilibrium
C. being sensitive to temperature
D. making short lived complexes.

Answer

To answer the question "Enzyme differs from the catalyst by," we can break down the differences into several key points:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Definition of Enzymes and Catalysts**:
- Enzymes are biological catalysts that are primarily proteins. They can be simple proteins or conjugated proteins (which contain a non-protein component).
- Catalysts, on the other hand, can be inorganic substances such as metals (e.g., nickel, platinum, palladium) that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

**Hint**: Remember that enzymes are proteins, while catalysts can be inorganic.

2. **Unchanged After Reaction**:
- Both enzymes and catalysts remain unchanged after the reaction. They facilitate the reaction by forming temporary complexes with substrates, but they do not undergo permanent changes.

**Hint**: Think about how both enzymes and catalysts return to their original state after the reaction.

3. **Effect on Equilibrium**:
- Both enzymes and catalysts increase the rate of reaction but do not alter the equilibrium position of the reaction. They help the system reach equilibrium faster but do not change the concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium.

**Hint**: Focus on the role of both in speeding up reactions without changing the end result.

4. **Sensitivity to Temperature**:
- Enzymes are sensitive to temperature and can denature (lose their functional shape) at high temperatures. They typically function within a narrow temperature range.
- In contrast, inorganic catalysts can operate effectively at a wide range of temperatures and are not affected by temperature changes.

**Hint**: Consider how temperature affects proteins (enzymes) differently than inorganic substances (catalysts).

5. **Formation of Short-lived Complexes**:
- Both enzymes and catalysts form short-lived complexes with substrates during the reaction process. After the reaction, the products are released, and the enzyme or catalyst is free to participate in another reaction.

**Hint**: Recall that both types of catalysts interact temporarily with substrates.

### Conclusion:
From the above points, we can conclude that the primary difference between enzymes and catalysts lies in their composition (enzymes are proteins, while catalysts can be inorganic), their sensitivity to temperature, and their operational conditions. The most significant difference is that enzymes are sensitive to temperature changes, while inorganic catalysts are not.

### Final Answer:
Enzymes differ from catalysts primarily in that enzymes are sensitive to temperature changes and can denature, while inorganic catalysts are not affected by temperature.