Hybridisation of central atom in `IC l_2^+` is

Options

A. `dsp^(2)`
B. `sp`
C. `sp^(2)`
D. `sp^(3)`

Answer

To determine the hybridization of the central atom in the molecule \( ICl_2^+ \), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the central atom and its valence electrons
The central atom in \( ICl_2^+ \) is iodine (I). Iodine is a halogen and has 7 valence electrons.

### Step 2: Count the valence electrons from surrounding atoms
Chlorine (Cl) is also a halogen and has 7 valence electrons. Since there are two chlorine atoms in \( ICl_2^+ \), we calculate the total contribution from chlorine:
- Total valence electrons from Cl = \( 7 \times 2 = 14 \)

### Step 3: Account for the positive charge
The positive charge on the ion \( ICl_2^+ \) indicates that we need to subtract one electron from the total count. Therefore, we have:
- Total valence electrons = \( 7 \, (I) + 14 \, (Cl) - 1 \, (charge) = 20 \)

### Step 4: Determine the number of bonding and lone pairs
To find the number of bonding pairs and lone pairs, we divide the total number of valence electrons by 2:
- Total pairs of electrons = \( \frac{20}{2} = 10 \)

Next, we need to determine how many of these pairs are bonding pairs and how many are lone pairs. In \( ICl_2^+ \), iodine forms 2 bonds with the two chlorine atoms. Thus:
- Bonding pairs = 2
- Lone pairs = Total pairs - Bonding pairs = \( 10 - 2 = 8 \)

### Step 5: Calculate the total number of electron pairs
The total number of electron pairs around the iodine atom is:
- Total pairs = Bonding pairs + Lone pairs = \( 2 + 8 = 10 \)

### Step 6: Determine the hybridization
The hybridization can be determined based on the total number of electron pairs:
- If there are 4 pairs of electrons, the hybridization is \( sp^3 \).
- If there are 5 pairs of electrons, the hybridization is \( dsp^3 \).
- If there are 6 pairs of electrons, the hybridization is \( d^2sp^3 \).

Since we have 10 pairs, we can see that the hybridization is \( sp^3 \).

### Conclusion
The hybridization of the central atom in \( ICl_2^+ \) is \( sp^3 \).