The etraction of metals from oxide ores involves

Options

A. Reduction with carbon
B. Reduction with aluminium
C. Electrolyte reduction
D. Reduction with CO

Answer

To solve the question regarding the extraction of metals from oxide ores, we will analyze the options provided based on the principles of thermodynamics and reduction processes.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Extraction Process**:
The extraction of metals from their ores typically involves reducing the metal oxide to its elemental form. This can be achieved through various methods, depending on the metal and its reactivity.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option 1: Reduction with Carbon**: This is a common method for extracting metals like zinc, iron, and lead from their oxides. Carbon acts as a reducing agent, facilitating the conversion of metal oxides to metals.
- **Option 2: Reduction with Aluminum**: This method, known as thermite reaction, is used for extracting metals like chromium and manganese, but it is less common for general oxide ores.
- **Option 3: Electrolytic Reduction**: This method is primarily used for highly reactive metals like aluminum and sodium, which cannot be reduced by carbon.
- **Option 4: Reduction with Carbonyl**: This is a specialized method used for certain metals like nickel and iron but is not a general method for all oxide ores.

3. **Thermodynamic Considerations**:
The spontaneity of a reaction can be determined by the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG). A negative ΔG indicates a spontaneous reaction. The video transcript mentions that the reaction of zinc oxide with carbon is spontaneous at high temperatures, supporting the use of carbon as a reducing agent.

4. **Conclusion**:
Based on the analysis, the most common and suitable method for the extraction of metals from oxide ores is **Reduction with Carbon**. Therefore, the correct answer is **Option 1**.

### Final Answer:
The extraction of metals from oxide ores involves **Reduction with Carbon**.

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