Iron forms iron halides salts by reacting the metal directly with halogen. `FeI_(3)` does not exist. `FeF_(3)` is white soled inspite of five unpaired electrons with `d^(5)` configuration . `FeCl_(3)` is soluble in water and is used as a mordant in dyeing industry.
Q.Anhydrous `FeCl_(3)` can be prepared by reaction of:

Options

A. Fe with dry chlorine
B. Fe with dil.HCl in the presence of `O_(2)`
C. `Fe(OH)_(3)` with conc. HCl
D. `Fe_(2)O_(3)` with conc. HCl

Answer

To solve the question regarding the preparation of anhydrous FeCl₃ (ferric chloride), we will analyze the given options step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding the Reaction
Anhydrous FeCl₃ can be prepared by direct reaction of iron (Fe) with chlorine gas (Cl₂). This reaction typically occurs at elevated temperatures.

### Step 2: Evaluating the Options
Let's evaluate each option provided in the question:

1. **Option A: Fe with Cl₂ (trichlorine)**
- Reaction: \( \text{Fe} + \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow \text{FeCl}_3 \)
- This reaction produces anhydrous ferric chloride directly when iron reacts with chlorine gas.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correct.

2. **Option B: Fe with dilute HCl in the presence of O₂**
- Reaction: \( \text{Fe} + \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{FeCl}_2 + \text{H}_2 \)
- This reaction produces ferrous chloride (FeCl₂) and hydrogen gas, not ferric chloride.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect.

3. **Option C: Fe(OH)₃ with concentrated HCl**
- Reaction: \( \text{Fe(OH)}_3 + \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{FeCl}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \)
- This reaction produces ferric chloride, but it is in hydrated form (FeCl₃·nH₂O), not anhydrous.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect.

4. **Option D: Fe₂O₃ with concentrated HCl**
- Reaction: \( \text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3 + \text{HCl} \rightarrow 2\text{FeCl}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \)
- Similar to option C, this reaction produces ferric chloride in hydrated form.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect.

### Final Answer
The correct answer is **Option A**: Anhydrous FeCl₃ can be prepared by the reaction of Fe with Cl₂.

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