Assertion: `Cu^(2+)` is more stable than `Cu^(+)`
Reason: Electrode potential is more important in determining stable oxidation state than electronic configuration.

Options

A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion
B. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
C. If assertion is false but reason is true
D. If assertion is true but the reason is false

Answer

To solve the assertion-reason question regarding the stability of Cu²⁺ and Cu⁺, we will analyze both the assertion and the reason step by step.

### Step 1: Understand the Assertion
The assertion states that Cu²⁺ is more stable than Cu⁺. To evaluate this, we need to look at the electronic configurations of both ions:
- Cu²⁺ has the electronic configuration of Argon (Ar) 3d⁹.
- Cu⁺ has the electronic configuration of Argon (Ar) 3d¹⁰.

### Step 2: Analyze Electronic Configuration
In transition metals, a completely filled (3d¹⁰) or half-filled (3d⁵) subshell is generally more stable due to symmetry and exchange energy. However, in the case of copper:
- Cu⁺ (3d¹⁰) is indeed a stable configuration.
- Cu²⁺ (3d⁹) is less stable in terms of electronic configuration alone.

### Step 3: Consider Electrode Potentials
Next, we need to examine the electrode potentials for both oxidation states:
- The standard electrode potential for Cu²⁺/Cu is +0.34 V.
- The standard electrode potential for Cu⁺/Cu is +0.52 V.

### Step 4: Determine Stability Based on Electrode Potential
A higher electrode potential indicates a greater tendency to be reduced, which means that the ion is more stable in that oxidation state. Since Cu⁺ has a higher electrode potential (+0.52 V) compared to Cu²⁺ (+0.34 V), this suggests that Cu⁺ is actually more stable in terms of its tendency to remain in that oxidation state.

### Step 5: Conclusion on Assertion and Reason
- The assertion that Cu²⁺ is more stable than Cu⁺ is **false** based on electrode potential.
- The reason states that electrode potential is more important in determining stable oxidation states than electronic configuration, which is **true**.

### Final Evaluation
Since the assertion is false and the reason is true, the correct option would be one that indicates that the assertion is false while the reason is true.

### Summary of Steps
1. Analyze the assertion about Cu²⁺ and Cu⁺ stability.
2. Examine the electronic configurations of both ions.
3. Investigate the standard electrode potentials for Cu²⁺ and Cu⁺.
4. Conclude the stability based on electrode potential values.
5. Evaluate the truth of both the assertion and reason.