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Consider the following reaction Na(3)P...

Consider the following reaction
`Na_(3)PO_(4)+(NH_(4))_(2)MoO_(4)+HNO_(3)(dil) to 'X'`
Then calculate total number of atoms of 15th group elements which are `sp^(3)` hybridized in compound 'X'.

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To solve the given problem, we need to follow these steps: ### Step 1: Identify the Reaction We start with the reaction: \[ \text{Na}_3\text{PO}_4 + (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{MoO}_4 + \text{HNO}_3 \text{(dil)} \rightarrow X \] ### Step 2: Determine the Product 'X' The product 'X' formed from the reaction is: \[ X = (\text{NH}_4)_3\text{PO}_4 \cdot 12\text{MoO}_3 \] This compound is known as ammonium phosphomolybdate. ### Step 3: Identify the 15th Group Elements In compound 'X', the relevant 15th group elements are: - Nitrogen (N) from the ammonium ion \((\text{NH}_4)^+\) - Phosphorus (P) from the phosphate ion \((\text{PO}_4)^{3-}\) ### Step 4: Determine Hybridization of Nitrogen For the ammonium ion \((\text{NH}_4)^+\): - Valency of nitrogen = 5 (as it belongs to group 15) - Number of attached atoms = 4 (4 hydrogen atoms) - Charge = -1 (since it is a cation, we subtract 1) Using the formula for hybridization: \[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{(\text{Valency} + \text{Attached Atoms} - \text{Positive Charge})}{2} \] \[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{(5 + 4 - 1)}{2} = \frac{8}{2} = 4 \] Thus, nitrogen in \((\text{NH}_4)^+\) is \(sp^3\) hybridized. ### Step 5: Determine Hybridization of Phosphorus For the phosphate ion \((\text{PO}_4)^{3-}\): - Valency of phosphorus = 5 - Number of attached atoms = 4 (4 oxygen atoms) - Charge = 3 (since it is an anion, we add 3) Using the same hybridization formula: \[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{(5 + 4 + 3)}{2} = \frac{12}{2} = 6 \] However, since we are interested in the hybridization of the central atom, we consider the effective valency: \[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{(5 + 3)}{2} = \frac{8}{2} = 4 \] Thus, phosphorus in \((\text{PO}_4)^{3-}\) is also \(sp^3\) hybridized. ### Step 6: Count the Total Number of Atoms Now, we need to count the total number of atoms of 15th group elements that are \(sp^3\) hybridized in compound 'X': - Nitrogen: 3 atoms (from \((\text{NH}_4)^+\)) - Phosphorus: 1 atom (from \((\text{PO}_4)^{3-}\)) Total number of \(sp^3\) hybridized atoms: \[ \text{Total} = 3 \text{ (N)} + 1 \text{ (P)} = 4 \] ### Final Answer The total number of atoms of 15th group elements which are \(sp^3\) hybridized in compound 'X' is **4**. ---

To solve the given problem, we need to follow these steps: ### Step 1: Identify the Reaction We start with the reaction: \[ \text{Na}_3\text{PO}_4 + (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{MoO}_4 + \text{HNO}_3 \text{(dil)} \rightarrow X \] ### Step 2: Determine the Product 'X' The product 'X' formed from the reaction is: ...
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