To which the following atom, the attachment of electron is most difficult ?

Options

A. Radon
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Radius

Answer

To determine to which atom the attachment of an electron is most difficult, we need to consider the electronic configuration and the stability of the atoms in question. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Atoms
The question provides us with a list of atoms, including radon, nitrogen, and oxygen. We need to analyze these atoms to understand their electronic configurations.

**Hint:** Look at the position of each element in the periodic table and their electronic configurations.

### Step 2: Understand Noble Gases
Radon (Rn) is a noble gas, which means it has a complete outer electron shell. Noble gases have the general electronic configuration of ns²np⁶, making them very stable and unreactive.

**Hint:** Recall that noble gases are known for their lack of reactivity due to their full valence shell.

### Step 3: Analyze Nitrogen and Oxygen
Nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) are not noble gases. Nitrogen has an electronic configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p³, while oxygen has an electronic configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁴. Both of these elements have the ability to gain electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration.

**Hint:** Consider how many electrons each of these elements needs to gain to reach a stable configuration.

### Step 4: Compare the Difficulty of Electron Attachment
Since radon has a full outer shell, adding an electron would require a significant amount of energy due to the repulsion from the already filled orbitals. In contrast, nitrogen and oxygen can readily accept electrons to complete their outer shells, making the attachment of an electron easier for them.

**Hint:** Think about the stability of the electron configurations when an electron is added.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Based on the analysis, the atom to which the attachment of an electron is most difficult is radon. This is due to its stable, fully filled electron configuration, which makes it energetically unfavorable to add an additional electron.

**Final Answer:** Radon (Rn)