All the elements, on the basis of long form of periodic table, can be divided into four blocks, s,p, d and f. the ionization energies, electron affinities, electronegativities, atomic and ionic radii and other physical properties usually shown a regular pattern of change within a group or along period with some irregularities.
Q. Which of the following element has the maximum value of electronegativity?

Options

A. Aluminium
B. Silicon
C. Phosphorus
D. Sulphur

Answer

To determine which of the given elements has the maximum value of electronegativity, we will analyze the elements: Aluminium (Al), Silicon (Si), Phosphorus (P), and Sulphur (S).

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Elements and Their Groups**:
- Aluminium (Al) belongs to Group 13 (Boron group).
- Silicon (Si) belongs to Group 14 (Carbon group).
- Phosphorus (P) belongs to Group 15 (Nitrogen group).
- Sulphur (S) belongs to Group 16 (Oxygen group).

2. **Understand the Trend in Electronegativity**:
- Electronegativity generally increases as you move from left to right across a period in the periodic table. This is due to the increase in nuclear charge, which enhances the attraction of the nucleus for the bonding electrons.
- Conversely, electronegativity decreases as you move down a group because the atomic size increases, which reduces the nucleus's ability to attract bonding electrons.

3. **Analyze the Position of Each Element**:
- Aluminium (Al) is to the left of the others in Group 13.
- Silicon (Si) is next in Group 14.
- Phosphorus (P) follows in Group 15.
- Sulphur (S) is the furthest right in Group 16.

4. **Determine the Size of the Atoms**:
- As we move from Aluminium to Sulphur, the atomic size decreases. Sulphur, being the smallest of these four elements, has a higher nuclear charge relative to its size, leading to a stronger attraction for electrons.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Since Sulphur (S) is the smallest element among the four and is located furthest to the right, it has the highest electronegativity. Therefore, the element with the maximum value of electronegativity among the given options is **Sulphur (S)**.

### Final Answer:
The element with the maximum value of electronegativity is **Sulphur (S)**.