The hybridisation of central iodine atom in `IF_(5),I_(3)^(-) and I_(3)^(+)` are respectively :

Options

A. `sp^(3)d^(2), sp^(3)d,sp^(3)`
B. `sp^(3)d,sp^(3)d,sp^(3)`
C. `sp^(3)d^(2),sp^(3)d^(2),sp^(3)`
D. `sp^(3)d,sp^(3)d^(2),sp^(3)`

Answer

To determine the hybridization of the central iodine atom in the compounds IF₅, I₃⁻, and I₃⁺, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Determine the Valence Electrons of Iodine
Iodine (I) is in Group 17 of the periodic table, which means it has 7 valence electrons.

### Step 2: Analyze IF₅
1. **Count the bonds and lone pairs**: In IF₅, iodine forms 5 sigma bonds with 5 fluorine atoms.
2. **Calculate the steric number**: The steric number is the sum of sigma bonds and lone pairs. Here, there are 5 sigma bonds and 1 lone pair (since iodine has 7 valence electrons, 5 are used for bonding, leaving 2 electrons for the lone pair).
- Steric number = 5 (sigma bonds) + 1 (lone pair) = 6.
3. **Determine hybridization**: A steric number of 6 corresponds to sp³d² hybridization.

### Step 3: Analyze I₃⁻
1. **Count the bonds and lone pairs**: For I₃⁻, we have 3 iodine atoms. The central iodine atom will have 2 sigma bonds (to the two outer iodine atoms) and 3 lone pairs (since the total number of valence electrons is 8 due to the negative charge).
2. **Calculate the steric number**:
- Steric number = 2 (sigma bonds) + 3 (lone pairs) = 5.
3. **Determine hybridization**: A steric number of 5 corresponds to sp³d hybridization.

### Step 4: Analyze I₃⁺
1. **Count the bonds and lone pairs**: For I₃⁺, the central iodine atom has 2 sigma bonds (to the two outer iodine atoms) and 2 lone pairs (since the total number of valence electrons is 6 due to the positive charge).
2. **Calculate the steric number**:
- Steric number = 2 (sigma bonds) + 2 (lone pairs) = 4.
3. **Determine hybridization**: A steric number of 4 corresponds to sp³ hybridization.

### Summary of Hybridizations
- For IF₅: sp³d²
- For I₃⁻: sp³d
- For I₃⁺: sp³

### Final Answer
The hybridization of the central iodine atom in IF₅, I₃⁻, and I₃⁺ are respectively: **sp³d², sp³d, and sp³**.