If the central atom is of third row or below this in the periodic table, then lone pair will occupy a stereochemically inactive s-orbital and bonding will be through almost pure p-orbitals and bond angles are nearly `90^(@)`, if the substituent's electronegativity value is `le 2.5`.
In which of the following option, covalent bond is having maximum s% character ?

Options

A. S-H bond in `H_(2)S`
B. P-H bond in `PH_(3)`
C. N-H bond in `NH_(3)`
D. All have equal s% character

Answer

To determine which covalent bond has the maximum s% character, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Concept of s% Character
The s% character of a covalent bond is influenced by the electronegativity of the atoms involved. According to the Bent rule, if the central atom has a higher electronegativity compared to surrounding atoms, it will attract more s character towards itself.

### Step 2: Identify the Central Atom and Its Electronegativity
We need to analyze the given options to identify the central atom and its electronegativity. The options include:
- Sulfur (S)
- Phosphorus (P)
- Nitrogen (N)

The electronegativities of these elements are:
- Sulfur (S) = 2.58
- Phosphorus (P) = 2.19
- Nitrogen (N) = 3.04

### Step 3: Compare Electronegativity Values
Now, we compare the electronegativity values:
- Nitrogen has the highest electronegativity (3.04).
- Sulfur has a moderate electronegativity (2.58).
- Phosphorus has the lowest electronegativity (2.19).

### Step 4: Determine the Bond with Maximum s% Character
According to the Bent rule, since nitrogen has the highest electronegativity, the NH bond in NH3 will have the maximum s% character. This is because nitrogen will attract more s character towards itself due to its higher electronegativity compared to hydrogen.

### Conclusion
Therefore, the covalent bond with the maximum s% character is the NH bond in NH3.

### Final Answer
The correct option is the one with nitrogen (NH bond).

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