Of the following reduction processes, correct processes are :

Options

A. `Fe_(2)O_(3)+C to Fe`
B. `ZnO+C to Zn `
C. `Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)+C to P`
D. `PbO+C to Pb`

Answer

To determine which of the given reduction processes are correct, we need to analyze each reaction step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze the first reaction - Fe2O3 + C → Fe
- **Oxidation States**: In Fe2O3, iron (Fe) has an oxidation state of +3. When it is reduced to Fe (0 oxidation state), it gains electrons.
- **Reduction Process**: The carbon (C) acts as a reducing agent, reducing Fe2O3 to Fe while itself being oxidized to CO.
- **Conclusion**: This is a correct reduction process.

### Step 2: Analyze the second reaction - ZnO + C → Zn + CO
- **Oxidation States**: In ZnO, zinc (Zn) has an oxidation state of +2. When it is reduced to Zn (0 oxidation state), it gains electrons.
- **Reduction Process**: Carbon reduces ZnO to Zn, and in the process, carbon is oxidized to carbon monoxide (CO).
- **Conclusion**: This is a correct reduction process.

### Step 3: Analyze the third reaction - Ca3(PO4)2 + C → CaO + P + CO2
- **Oxidation States**: In Ca3(PO4)2, phosphorus (P) has an oxidation state of +5. When it is reduced to P (0 oxidation state), it gains electrons.
- **Reduction Process**: Carbon reduces the phosphorus from Ca3(PO4)2 to elemental phosphorus, while itself being oxidized to CO2.
- **Conclusion**: This is a correct reduction process.

### Step 4: Analyze the fourth reaction - PbO + P → Pb + O
- **Oxidation States**: In PbO, lead (Pb) has an oxidation state of +2. When it is reduced to Pb (0 oxidation state), it gains electrons.
- **Reduction Process**: Phosphorus (P) reduces PbO to Pb, while itself being oxidized.
- **Conclusion**: This is a correct reduction process.

### Final Conclusion
All the given reduction processes are correct.

### Summary of Correct Processes:
- **A**: Fe2O3 + C → Fe (Correct)
- **B**: ZnO + C → Zn + CO (Correct)
- **C**: Ca3(PO4)2 + C → CaO + P + CO2 (Correct)
- **D**: PbO + P → Pb + O (Correct)

Thus, the answer is that all processes are correct.

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