Spore dissemination in some liverworts is aided by

Options

A. Peristome teeth
B. Elaters
C. lndusium
D. Calyptra

Answer

To answer the question "Spore dissemination in some liverworts is aided by," we will analyze the options provided and determine which one is correct based on the information given in the video transcript.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Liverworts**: Liverworts are non-vascular plants that reproduce via spores. They are part of the plant kingdom and have specific structures that aid in spore dissemination.

2. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Option 1: Peristome Teeth**: Peristome teeth are structures found in some fungi and plants, but they primarily control the entry and exit of spores rather than aiding in their dissemination. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

- **Option 2: Elators**: Elators are specialized cells that are present in some liverworts. They can coil and uncoil based on humidity levels, which aids in the dispersal of spores. This mechanism allows for effective spore dissemination, making this option correct.

- **Option 3: Endosome**: The endosome is a thin covering around the spores. It does not play a role in spore dissemination. Thus, this option is incorrect.

- **Option 4: Calyptra**: The calyptra is a structure that covers the ovum (egg) in some plants. It does not assist in spore dissemination, making this option incorrect as well.

3. **Conclusion**: After evaluating all the options, the correct answer is that spore dissemination in some liverworts is aided by **elators**.

### Final Answer:
**Elators** aid in spore dissemination in some liverworts.

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