Which of the following is characteristic of ferns?

Options

A. Leafy gametophyte
B. Circinate vernation
C. Mycorrhizal roots
D. Coralloid roots

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Group**: Understand that ferns belong to the division Pteridophyta within the kingdom Plantae. This classification helps in recognizing the general characteristics of ferns.

2. **Vascular System**: Note that ferns have a developed vascular system, which includes vascular bundles. This is a significant characteristic that distinguishes them from non-vascular plants like mosses.

3. **Plant Body Structure**: Recognize that the plant body of ferns is differentiated into distinct parts: leaves (fronds), stems, and roots. This differentiation is a key feature of ferns.

4. **Evaluate Options**: Look at the options provided in the question:
- **Option 1**: Leafy gametophyte - This is characteristic of bryophytes, not ferns.
- **Option 2**: Circinate venation - This is a specific type of leaf arrangement in ferns where the young leaves (fronds) are coiled or curled, protecting the tender growing tip.
- **Option 3**: Mycorrhizal roots - These are not characteristic of ferns.
- **Option 4**: Coralloid roots - These are also not found in ferns.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the evaluation, the correct characteristic of ferns is **circinate venation** (Option 2). This feature is unique to ferns and is a defining trait of their leaf structure.