in autumn or winter, cambium produces

Options

A. (a) Sapwood
B. (b) Heart wood
C. (c) Early wood
D. (d) Late wood

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Cambium Activity**: The cambium is a layer of tissue in plants responsible for secondary growth. Its activity varies with the seasons, influencing the type of wood produced.

2. **Types of Wood Produced**: Cambium produces two types of wood based on the seasons: spring wood (also known as early wood) and autumn wood (also known as late wood).

3. **Spring Wood Characteristics**: In spring or summer, the cambium is highly active, leading to the formation of spring wood. This wood has:
- A larger number of xylem elements
- Wider lumens (the hollow part of the xylem)
- A lighter color
- Lower density

4. **Autumn Wood Characteristics**: In contrast, during autumn or winter, the cambium is less active, resulting in the production of autumn wood (late wood). This wood has:
- Fewer xylem elements
- Narrower lumens
- A darker color
- Higher density

5. **Identifying the Correct Answer**: Since the question specifically asks what cambium produces in autumn or winter, the correct answer is autumn wood, which is also referred to as late wood.

6. **Final Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question is **Late Wood**.

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