Condition found in the roots of a plant having assimilatory, submerged roots and spongy petioles

Options

A. (a) Tetrarch
B. (b) Triarch
C. (c) Monarch
D. (d) Mature stem

Answer

To solve the question regarding the condition found in the roots of a plant having assimilatory submerged roots and spongy petioles, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Question**: The question asks for a specific condition found in the roots of a plant characterized by assimilatory submerged roots and spongy petioles.

2. **Identify Key Terms**:
- **Assimilatory Roots**: These are roots that are involved in the process of photosynthesis, typically found in plants that grow in aquatic environments.
- **Submerged Roots**: Roots that are underwater, which can also perform photosynthesis.
- **Spongy Petioles**: Petioles that are adapted to hold air, allowing for gas exchange, which is common in aquatic plants.

3. **Consider the Options**: The question provides options related to different types of vascular bundles (steels) based on the number of protoxylem strands. The options are:
- A. Tetrach
- B. Triarch
- C. Monarch
- D. Mature Stem

4. **Analyze Each Option**:
- **A. Tetrach**: This condition has four protoxylem strands, typically found in some dicots like Gossypium. This does not match the characteristics given in the question.
- **B. Triarch**: This condition has three protoxylem strands, seen in plants like Pisum. This also does not match the characteristics.
- **C. Monarch**: This condition has one protoxylem strand and is associated with plants that have submerged roots and spongy petioles, such as Trapa. This matches the characteristics described in the question.
- **D. Mature Stem**: This option is not relevant to the question.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **C. Monarch**, as it is the only option that aligns with the characteristics of having assimilatory submerged roots and spongy petioles.

### Final Answer:
The condition found in the roots of a plant having assimilatory, submerged roots and spongy petioles is **C. Monarch**.