Thread-like structures that are composed of nuclear DNA of eukaryotic cells and are carrier of genetic information are known as chromosomes. The term "chromosome" was given by

Options

A. Waldeyer
B. Balbiani
C. Purkinje
D. Sutton

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the origin of the term "chromosome," which refers to the thread-like structures made of nuclear DNA in eukaryotic cells that carry genetic information.

2. **Breaking Down the Term**: The term "chromosome" is derived from two Greek words: "chroma," meaning color, and "soma," meaning body. This etymology hints at the appearance of chromosomes when stained, as they take on color.

3. **Identifying the Coiner**: The term "chromosome" was coined by a German anatomist. The options provided are Valdier, Balbiani, Purkinje, and Sutton.

4. **Researching the Options**:
- **Valdier**: This is likely a misspelling of Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer, who is credited with coining the term "chromosome."
- **Balbiani**: Known for discovering polytene chromosomes in dipteran flies.
- **Purkinje**: Known for identifying Purkinje cells in the cerebellum.
- **Sutton**: Deduced the role of chromosomes in heredity and their relation to Mendel's laws.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the information, the correct answer is Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer, who coined the term "chromosome."

**Final Answer**: The term "chromosome" was given by Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer.

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