The chromosome separation during meta phase can be best studied by

Options

A. Phase contrast microscope
B. TEM
C. X-ray technique
D. Scanning electron microscope

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks which method is best for studying chromosome separation during metaphase. Metaphase is a stage in cell division where chromosomes align in the center of the cell.

2. **Evaluating Options**: The options provided include:
- Phase contrast microscope
- Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
- X-ray technique
- Scanning electron microscope

3. **Analyzing the Phase Contrast Microscope**:
- The phase contrast microscope is designed to enhance the contrast of transparent and colorless objects, making it easier to observe living cells without the need for staining.
- It allows biologists to study living cells and observe dynamic processes such as cell division in real-time.

4. **Considering Other Techniques**:
- **Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)**: This technique requires thin sections of specimens and uses electron beams. It cannot be used on living cells as it requires extensive sample preparation that kills the cells.
- **X-ray Technique**: This is primarily used for imaging structures but is not suitable for observing live cellular processes.
- **Scanning Electron Microscope**: Similar to TEM, this method requires samples to be coated and does not allow for the observation of living cells.

5. **Conclusion**: Since the phase contrast microscope allows for the observation of living cells and is specifically useful for studying dynamic processes like chromosome separation during metaphase, it is the best choice among the options provided.

**Final Answer**: The chromosome separation during metaphase can be best studied by a phase contrast microscope.

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