Which division is characteristic of cartilage cells, meganucleus of paramoecium and foetal membranes?

Options

A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Cryptomitosis
D. Amitosis

Answer

To answer the question "Which division is characteristic of cartilage cells, meganucleus of paramecium, and fetal membranes?", we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Types of Cells**:
- Cartilage cells, the meganucleus of paramecium, and fetal membranes are all somatic cells. Somatic cells are any cells forming the body of an organism, excluding germ cells.

2. **Consider the Types of Cell Division**:
- The options given are mitosis, meiosis, cryptomitosis, and amitosis.
- Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
- Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse daughter cells; it occurs in germ cells.
- Cryptomitosis is a less common form of division that occurs in some unicellular organisms and is not typically associated with the cells mentioned.
- Amitosis is a direct form of cell division that does not involve the typical stages of mitosis.

3. **Eliminate Inapplicable Options**:
- Since cartilage cells, the meganucleus of paramecium, and fetal membranes are somatic cells, meiosis can be eliminated as it is specific to germ cells.
- Cryptomitosis is also not characteristic of these types of cells, leaving us with mitosis and amitosis.

4. **Differentiate Between Mitosis and Amitosis**:
- Mitosis involves several stages (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase) and is an indirect form of cell division.
- Amitosis, on the other hand, is a direct form of cell division where the nuclear envelope does not break down, and the cell divides simultaneously.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Given that cartilage cells, the meganucleus of paramecium, and fetal membranes are somatic cells that typically undergo direct division, the characteristic division for these cells is **amitosis**.

### Final Answer:
The division characteristic of cartilage cells, meganucleus of paramecium, and fetal membranes is **amitosis**.

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