A shunt to EMP or a safety valve is called

Options

A. Pentose phosphate pathways
B. Cyanide resistance pathways
C. ED pathway
D. ETS

Answer

To answer the question "A shunt to EMP or a safety valve is called," we need to analyze the options given and understand the context of the question.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Terms**:
- EMP refers to the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, which is another name for glycolysis. This pathway is crucial for converting glucose into pyruvate, generating ATP and NADH in the process.

2. **Identify the Options**:
- The options provided are:
- Pentose phosphate pathways
- Cyanide resistance pathways
- ED pathway
- ETS

3. **Analyze the Shunt Concept**:
- A "shunt" in metabolic pathways refers to an alternate route that allows substrates to bypass certain steps in a primary pathway. In this case, we are looking for a pathway that serves as a diversion from glycolysis.

4. **Evaluate the Pentose Phosphate Pathway**:
- The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is known to divert glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) away from glycolysis. Instead of being converted into pyruvate, G6P can enter the PPP to produce NADPH and ribose 5-phosphate, which are essential for various biosynthetic reactions.

5. **Confirm the Role of the Other Options**:
- **Cyanide Resistance Pathways**: These are related to alternative respiration processes but do not serve as a shunt to EMP.
- **ED Pathway**: The Entner-Doudoroff pathway is another glycolytic pathway but does not act as a shunt to EMP.
- **ETS (Electron Transport System)**: This is involved in oxidative phosphorylation and not directly related to the shunting of glucose 6-phosphate.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Since the pentose phosphate pathway allows glucose 6-phosphate to take a detour from the EMP pathway, it is correctly identified as the shunt to EMP. Therefore, the answer to the question is **Pentose phosphate pathways**.

### Final Answer:
The shunt to EMP or a safety valve is called the **Pentose phosphate pathways**.