In diabetes mellitus the patient drink more water as there is urinary loss of

Options

A. Protein
B. Salt
C. Insulin
D. Glucose

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Diabetes Mellitus**:
- Diabetes mellitus is a condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively use insulin, which is crucial for regulating blood glucose levels. Insulin is produced by the beta cells in the pancreas.

2. **Insulin Deficiency**:
- In diabetes mellitus, there is either a deficiency in insulin production or the body’s cells become resistant to insulin. This leads to elevated levels of glucose in the bloodstream.

3. **Impact on Kidneys**:
- The kidneys filter blood to remove waste products. When blood glucose levels are high, the kidneys are forced to filter more glucose than normal. This increased glucose concentration creates pressure on the filtration slits of the glomerulus in the kidneys.

4. **Glucose Filtration**:
- Due to the high pressure, the filtration slits widen, allowing glucose molecules to pass through into the urine. This process is not typical under normal conditions where glucose is usually reabsorbed.

5. **Concentration Gradient**:
- As glucose levels rise in the nephron (the functional unit of the kidney), the fluid in the nephron becomes more concentrated. To maintain the concentration gradient, the kidneys also increase the reabsorption of water.

6. **Increased Urinary Loss**:
- The combination of glucose and water being lost in the urine leads to increased urination (polyuria). As a result, patients with diabetes mellitus experience significant urinary loss.

7. **Increased Thirst**:
- To compensate for the loss of water through urine, patients feel thirsty and consequently drink more water. This is a physiological response to dehydration caused by the urinary loss of glucose and water.

8. **Final Answer**:
- Therefore, the answer to the question is that in diabetes mellitus, the patient drinks more water as there is a urinary loss of **glucose**.