The deteriorative processes in plants that naturally terminate their functional life are collectively called
(a) Wilting
(b) Abscission
(c) Plasmolysis
(d) Senescence

Options

A. Wilting
B. Abscission
C. Plasmolysis
D. Senescence

Answer

To solve the question regarding the term that describes the deteriorative processes in plants that naturally terminate their functional life, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Question**: The question asks for a term that collectively describes the processes leading to the end of a plant's functional life.

2. **Analyze the Options**:
- **Option (a) Wilting**: This refers to the loss of turgor pressure in plant cells, leading to drooping. It is a symptom of water loss but does not encompass the entire process of plant death.
- **Option (b) Abscission**: This is the process of shedding leaves, flowers, or fruits. While it is a part of the life cycle of a plant, it does not refer to the overall deterioration or death of the plant.
- **Option (c) Plasmolysis**: This is the process where plant cells lose water in a hypertonic solution, leading to cell shrinkage. It is a cellular phenomenon but not a term for the overall deterioration of the plant.
- **Option (d) Senescence**: This is the process of aging in plants, which includes the gradual deterioration of function and ultimately leads to death. It is a controlled process that conserves nutrients before the plant parts are shed.

3. **Select the Correct Answer**: Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **(d) Senescence**. This term encompasses the overall processes that lead to the natural termination of a plant's functional life.

### Final Answer:
The correct option is **(d) Senescence**.

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