All the following are use of amniocentesis, but one is a misuse. Which one is it ?

Options

A. the centers for genetic consunseling offer amniocentesis on request to women for chromosome analysis.
B. This technique has been dveloped for detecting fetal abnormalities by analyzing chromosomal defects.
C. It is used to study the metabolic defects of fetus, e.g., PKU (phenyl ketonuria).
D. It is done to examine the sex of the fetus leading to increasing female feticides.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Amniocentesis**:
- Amniocentesis is a medical procedure used to extract amniotic fluid from the uterus of a pregnant woman. This fluid surrounds the fetus and contains cells that can provide important information about the fetus's health.

2. **Uses of Amniocentesis**:
- The procedure is primarily used for:
- Detecting chromosomal abnormalities (e.g., Down syndrome).
- Identifying metabolic defects (e.g., phenylketonuria).
- Genetic counseling for parents who may be carriers of genetic disorders.

3. **Identifying Misuse**:
- While the above uses are legitimate and beneficial, amniocentesis can also be misused for sex determination of the fetus. This is particularly problematic in societies where there is a preference for male children over female children.

4. **Consequences of Misuse**:
- The misuse of amniocentesis for sex determination can lead to female feticide, where female fetuses are aborted based solely on their sex. This practice is unethical and illegal in many countries, including India.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Among the options provided, the use of amniocentesis to examine the sex of the fetus, which can lead to female feticide, is the misuse. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is the option that states this misuse.

**Final Answer**: The misuse of amniocentesis is examining the sex of the fetus, leading to female feticide.

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