What is true for lactational amenorrhea ?
(i) It means absence of menstruction
(ii) Ovulation does not occur during the lactational period
(iii) Chances of contraception are almost nil upto six months following parturition
(iv) Side effects are almost nil
(v) Contraceptive efficiency reduces after the period of intense lactation
(vi) It is natural method of contraception
(vii) It increases phagocytosis of sperms

Options

A. (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
B. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
C. (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vii)
D. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

Answer

To determine what is true for lactational amenorrhea, we will analyze each statement provided in the question step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Lactational Amenorrhea**:
- Lactational amenorrhea is a natural method of contraception that occurs after childbirth. It is characterized by the absence of menstruation during the breastfeeding period, particularly in the first six months post-partum.

2. **Statement Analysis**:
- **(i) It means absence of menstruation**: True. Lactational amenorrhea signifies that menstruation does not occur during this period.
- **(ii) Ovulation does not occur during the lactational period**: True. During the initial months of breastfeeding, ovulation is typically suppressed.
- **(iii) Chances of contraception are almost nil up to six months following parturition**: True. The chances of conception are very low during the first six months if the mother is exclusively breastfeeding.
- **(iv) Side effects are almost nil**: True. Since lactational amenorrhea is a natural method of contraception, it generally does not have side effects associated with hormonal contraceptives.
- **(v) Contraceptive efficiency reduces after the period of intense lactation**: True. After the initial six months, the likelihood of ovulation increases, thus reducing the contraceptive effectiveness.
- **(vi) It is a natural method of contraception**: True. Lactational amenorrhea is indeed a natural form of contraception.
- **(vii) It increases phagocytosis of sperms**: False. There is no evidence to suggest that lactational amenorrhea increases the phagocytosis of sperm; rather, it primarily prevents ovulation and thus fertilization.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The true statements regarding lactational amenorrhea are (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), and (vi). The only false statement is (vii).

### Final Answer:
The correct statements about lactational amenorrhea are (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), and (vi). Therefore, the answer is option number 4, which includes all the true statements except for (vii).