The test-tube baby programme employs which one of the following techniques ?

Options

A. Intra-utrine insemination (IUI)
B. Gamete intral-fallopian transfer (GIFT)
C. Zygote intra-fallopian transfer (ZIFT)
D. Intra - cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

Answer

To answer the question regarding which technique is employed in the test-tube baby program, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Test-Tube Baby Program**:
- The test-tube baby program refers to the process of in vitro fertilization (IVF), where fertilization occurs outside the human body in a laboratory setting.

2. **Identify the Options**:
- The options provided are:
1. Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
2. Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)
3. Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)
4. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

3. **Analyze Each Technique**:
- **Intrauterine insemination (IUI)**: This involves introducing sperm directly into the uterus, where fertilization occurs inside the body.
- **Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)**: In this technique, a mixture of sperm and ovum is placed directly into the fallopian tube, allowing fertilization to occur inside the body.
- **Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)**: This involves fertilizing the egg in the laboratory (in vitro) and then transferring the resulting zygote (or early embryo) into the fallopian tube. This means fertilization occurs outside the body, which aligns with the concept of a test-tube baby.
- **Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)**: This technique involves injecting a single sperm directly into the cytoplasm of an egg, leading to fertilization inside the body.

4. **Determine the Correct Answer**:
- Since the test-tube baby program specifically involves fertilization occurring outside the body and then transferring the zygote into the fallopian tube, the correct technique used in the test-tube baby program is **Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)**.

### Final Answer:
The test-tube baby program employs the technique of **Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)**.

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