The importance of ecosystem lies in

Options

A. Flow of energy
B. Cycling of materials
C. Both (1) and (2)
D. Consumers

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Ecosystem**: An ecosystem is defined as the interaction between biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components in an environment. This interaction is crucial for maintaining balance and supporting life.

2. **Key Characteristics of Ecosystems**: The two major characteristics of ecosystems are:
- **Flow of Energy**: This refers to how energy moves through the ecosystem, primarily from producers to consumers.
- **Cycling of Materials**: This involves the movement and recycling of nutrients and materials within the ecosystem.

3. **Flow of Energy**:
- Energy enters the ecosystem through producers (like green plants) that convert solar energy into chemical energy via photosynthesis.
- This energy is then transferred to primary consumers (herbivores) when they eat the plants.
- Subsequently, energy flows to secondary consumers (carnivores) when they consume the herbivores.
- This flow of energy is essential for the survival of all organisms in the ecosystem.

4. **Cycling of Materials**:
- The cycling of materials, also known as biogeochemical cycles, involves the recycling of nutrients.
- Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, play a vital role in breaking down organic matter and releasing nutrients back into the environment.
- These nutrients are then taken up by producers, completing the cycle.

5. **Conclusion**: The importance of ecosystems lies in both the flow of energy and the cycling of materials. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that the importance of ecosystems lies in both the flow of energy and the cycling of materials.

**Final Answer**: The importance of ecosystem lies in both the flow of energy and the cycling of materials (Option 3).

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