Assertion: The process of extinction is random.
Reason: Any species not adapted to environmental con- ditions cannot survive.

Options

A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1).
B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2)
C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false, then mark (3 ).
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false, then mark (4).

Answer

To analyze the given statements, we will break down the assertion and the reason step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Assertion**:
- The assertion states that "The process of extinction is random."
- Extinction refers to the complete disappearance of a species when the last individual dies.
- However, extinction is not a random process; it is influenced by various factors such as environmental changes, competition, habitat destruction, and more.

2. **Evaluating the Reason**:
- The reason states that "Any species not adapted to environmental conditions cannot survive."
- While it is true that species need to adapt to their environment to survive, the statement oversimplifies the process. Species can undergo mutations and evolve over time to adapt to changing conditions. Not all species that struggle with adaptation will become extinct immediately; some may find ways to survive.

3. **Conclusion**:
- Since the assertion that extinction is random is incorrect, and the reason that species cannot survive if they are not adapted is also misleading, we conclude that both statements are false.
- Therefore, the correct answer is that both the assertion and the reason are false.

### Final Answer:
Both the assertion and the reason are false.

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