Removal of the soil by the action of wind and water is known as

Options

A. Erosion
B. Fossilization
C. Leaching
D. Calcification

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the process by which soil is removed due to the action of wind and water.

2. **Identifying Key Terms**: The key terms in the question are "removal of soil," "action of wind," and "action of water."

3. **Analyzing the Options**: The provided options are:
- Erosion
- Fossilization
- Leaching
- Calcification

4. **Defining Each Option**:
- **Erosion**: This is the process of removing the top layer of soil due to natural forces such as wind and water.
- **Fossilization**: This refers to the process where an organism's remains are altered and preserved over time, which is unrelated to soil removal.
- **Leaching**: This involves the extraction of minerals from soil by dissolving them in liquid, not specifically related to soil removal.
- **Calcification**: This is the accumulation of calcium salts in soil, which does not pertain to the removal of soil.

5. **Selecting the Correct Answer**: Based on the definitions, the process that describes the removal of soil by wind and water is **Erosion**.

6. **Types of Erosion**:
- **Natural Erosion**: Slow removal of topsoil due to natural elements like rain and wind.
- **Anthropogenic Erosion**: Caused by human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, and poor agricultural practices.

7. **Conclusion**: The correct answer to the question is **Erosion**.

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