In the process of photosynthesis , water moleculs breaks is

Options

A. Plasmolysis
B. Photolysis of `H_(2)O`
C. hydrolysis
D. Hemolysis

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Photosynthesis**: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, primarily in the form of glucose. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

2. **Role of Water in Photosynthesis**: Water (H2O) is one of the essential raw materials for photosynthesis. During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, water molecules are split to release oxygen, protons, and electrons.

3. **Identifying the Process**: The splitting of water molecules in the presence of light is specifically referred to as "photolysis". This process occurs when chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which facilitates the breaking of water molecules.

4. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Plasmolysis**: This refers to the shrinking of the cell membrane away from the cell wall due to loss of water in a hypertonic solution. It is not related to photosynthesis.
- **Photolysis of Water**: This is the correct term for the splitting of water molecules during photosynthesis in the presence of light.
- **Hydrolysis**: This is a general chemical reaction where water is used to break down a compound. While it involves water, it is not specific to photosynthesis.
- **Hemolysis**: This is the destruction of red blood cells and is unrelated to photosynthesis.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the definitions and the role of water in photosynthesis, the correct answer is **photolysis of water**.

**Final Answer**: The process in which water molecules break during photosynthesis is called **photolysis of water**.

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