Coevolution does not occur in case of

Options

A. Parasitism
B. Mutualism
C. Both (1) and (2)
D. Commensalism

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Coevolution**: Coevolution refers to the process where two or more species influence each other's evolutionary trajectory. This typically occurs when species interact closely, such as in mutualism, parasitism, or predation.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option A: Parasitism**: In parasitism, one organism (the parasite) benefits at the expense of another (the host). As the host evolves defenses against the parasite, the parasite may also evolve to overcome these defenses. This is an example of coevolution.
- **Option B: Mutualism**: In mutualism, both species benefit from the interaction. If one species evolves, the other often evolves in response, making this another example of coevolution.
- **Option C: Commensalism**: In commensalism, one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. Since the second organism does not experience any evolutionary pressure from the first, there is no coevolution occurring in this relationship.

3. **Conclusion**: Based on the analysis, coevolution does not occur in the case of commensalism, as one organism does not influence the evolution of the other.

**Final Answer**: Coevolution does not occur in case of **Commensalism**.

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