The uptake of genes by cells in microbes and plants is termed as

Options

A. Insertional inactivation
B. Transformation
C. Selectable markers
D. Cloning vectors

Answer

To answer the question "The uptake of genes by cells in microbes and plants is termed as," we need to analyze the options provided and understand the processes involved in gene uptake.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the specific term used to describe the uptake of genes by cells in microbes and plants.

2. **Reviewing the Options**:
- **Insertional Inactivation**: This refers to a method used in molecular cloning where the insertion of a DNA fragment disrupts a gene, leading to a loss of function. It is not related to the uptake of genes.
- **Transformation**: This is the process where cells take up foreign DNA from their environment. It is commonly observed in bacteria and can also occur in plants.
- **Selectable Markers**: These are genes that confer a trait suitable for artificial selection. They are not processes for gene uptake.
- **Cloning Vectors**: These are tools used to insert DNA into a host cell but do not describe the uptake process itself.

3. **Identifying the Correct Answer**: Among the options, "transformation" is the correct term that describes the uptake of genes by cells in microbes and plants. This process involves the incorporation of external DNA into a cell, allowing for genetic changes.

4. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question is **Transformation**.