It is theoretically possible for a gene from any organism to function in any other organism. Why is this possible ?

Options

A. All organisms have ribbosomes.
B. All orgainsms have the same genetic code.
C. All organisms are made up of cells.
D. All organisms have similar nuclei.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Genes and Genetic Code**:
- Genes are segments of DNA that encode for proteins and determine the traits of an organism. The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material is translated into proteins.

2. **Universal Nature of Genetic Code**:
- The genetic code is nearly universal across all living organisms. This means that the same codons (sequences of three nucleotides) specify the same amino acids in different organisms. For example, the codon AUG codes for Methionine in both humans and bacteria.

3. **Mechanism of Gene Function**:
- Because the genetic code is universal, a gene from one organism can be transcribed and translated in another organism. This is facilitated by the cellular machinery, such as RNA polymerase and ribosomes, which recognize the same codons regardless of the source organism.

4. **Role of Vectors**:
- In biotechnology, vectors like plasmids and viruses are often used to transfer genes between organisms. These vectors can carry the desired gene into a host organism, where it can be expressed and function normally due to the universal genetic code.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, it is theoretically possible for a gene from any organism to function in any other organism because all organisms share the same genetic code, allowing for the successful transcription and translation of genes across different species.