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If you carry out the integral of the ele...

If you carry out the integral of the electric field `int vec E. vec d l` for a closed path like that as shown in (Fig. 3.40), the integral will always be equal tom zero, independent of the shape of the path and independent of where charges may be located relative to the path. Explain why.
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`V_f - V_i = int _i^f vec E. d l`
In a closed path, `V_i = V_f`. Hence,
`int_i ^f vec E. d l` in a close path will be zero.
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CENGAGE PHYSICS ENGLISH-ELECTRIC POTENTIAL-Exercise 3.1
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