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A 200 mL sample of water requires 5 " mL...

A 200 mL sample of water requires 5 " mL of " `(N)/(20)Na_2CO_3` solution for complete precipitation of `Ca^(2+)` and `CaCO_3`. Calculate the hardness in ppm.

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To calculate the hardness of the water sample in parts per million (ppm), we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Determine the amount of \( \text{CaCO}_3 \) precipitated by the \( \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 \) solution. Given: - Volume of \( \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 \) solution = 5 mL - Normality of \( \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 \) solution = \( \frac{N}{20} \) ...
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