Which of the following statement about quantum number is wrong ?

Options

A. If the value of `l = 0`, the electron distribution in spherical
B. The shape of the orbital is given by magnitic quantum number
C. The Zeman's effect is explaited by magnetic quantum number
D. The spin quantum number the orientations of electrion clould

Explanation

To determine which statement about quantum numbers is incorrect, let's analyze each statement one by one.

### Step 1: Analyze the first statement
**Statement 1:** If the value of l is equal to 0, the electron distribution is spherical.

- The azimuthal quantum number (l) determines the shape of the orbital.
- When l = 0, it corresponds to the s subshell, which indeed has a spherical shape.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is correct.

### Step 2: Analyze the second statement
**Statement 2:** The shape of the orbital is given by the magnetic quantum number.

- The magnetic quantum number (m) describes the orientation of the orbital in space but does not determine the shape.
- The shape of the orbital is determined by the azimuthal quantum number (l).
- **Conclusion:** This statement is incorrect.

### Step 3: Analyze the third statement
**Statement 3:** The Zeeman effect is explained by the magnetic quantum number.

- The Zeeman effect refers to the splitting of spectral lines in the presence of a magnetic field.
- The magnetic quantum number (m) describes the orientation of the orbital in a magnetic field and is involved in explaining the Zeeman effect.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is correct.

### Step 4: Analyze the fourth statement
**Statement 4:** The spin quantum number gives the orientation of the electron cloud.

- The spin quantum number (s) describes the intrinsic spin of the electron, which can be +1/2 or -1/2.
- The orientation of the electron cloud is actually described by the magnetic quantum number (m).
- **Conclusion:** This statement is incorrect.

### Final Conclusion
The incorrect statements are:
- **Statement 2:** The shape of the orbital is given by the magnetic quantum number.
- **Statement 4:** The spin quantum number gives the orientation of the electron cloud.

Thus, the answer is that the wrong statements about quantum numbers are the second and fourth statements.

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