Silicon dopped with group `13` and group `15` member element is, repectively, called …… semiconductor

Options

A. `p`-type, `n`-type
B. `n`-type, `p`-type
C. `p`-type
D. `n`-type

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the types of semiconductors formed when silicon is doped with group 13 and group 15 elements, we can break down the solution into clear steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Doping**:
- Doping is the process of adding a small amount of impurity to a semiconductor material to change its electrical properties.

2. **Identifying Group Elements**:
- Silicon (Si) is a group 14 element.
- Group 13 elements include boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), and thallium (Tl).
- Group 15 elements include nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi).

3. **Doping Silicon with Group 15 Elements**:
- When silicon is doped with group 15 elements (like arsenic), these elements have five valence electrons.
- The extra electron from the group 15 element becomes free to conduct electricity, leading to an increase in the number of free electrons in the silicon crystal.
- This type of semiconductor is known as an **n-type semiconductor** because it has an excess of negative charge carriers (electrons).

4. **Doping Silicon with Group 13 Elements**:
- When silicon is doped with group 13 elements (like indium), these elements have three valence electrons.
- The absence of one electron creates a "hole" in the crystal structure, which can also carry charge.
- This type of semiconductor is known as a **p-type semiconductor** because it has an excess of positive charge carriers (holes).

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, silicon doped with group 13 elements results in a **p-type semiconductor**, and silicon doped with group 15 elements results in an **n-type semiconductor**.

### Final Answer:
Silicon doped with group 13 and group 15 member elements is, respectively, called **p-type semiconductor** and **n-type semiconductor**.