Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Options

A. The freezing point of water is depressed by the addition of glucose.
B. The degree of dissociation of a weak electrolyte decrease as its concentration decreases.
C. Energy is released when a substance dissolves in water provided that the hydration energy of the substance is more than its lattice energy.
D. If two liquids that form an ideal solution are mixed, the change in entropy is positive.

Explanation

To determine which statements are correct regarding solutions, we can analyze each statement one by one.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Statement 1: The freezing point of water is depressed by the addition of glucose.**
- **Explanation:** Glucose is a non-electrolyte and non-volatile solute. When glucose is added to water, it disrupts the formation of ice, thereby lowering the freezing point of the solution. This phenomenon is known as freezing point depression.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

2. **Statement 2: The degree of dissociation of a weak electrolyte decreases as its concentration decreases.**
- **Explanation:** The degree of dissociation (α) of a weak electrolyte is inversely proportional to its concentration. As the concentration decreases (or as the volume increases), the degree of dissociation actually increases. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect**.

3. **Statement 3: Energy is released when a substance is dissolved in water provided that the hydration energy of the substance is more than the lattice energy.**
- **Explanation:** For a substance to dissolve in water, the energy released from hydration must be greater than the energy required to break the lattice structure of the solute. If this condition is met, energy is indeed released during the dissolution process.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

4. **Statement 4: If two liquids that form an ideal solution are mixed, then the change in entropy of the mixture is zero.**
- **Explanation:** In an ideal solution, the change in enthalpy (ΔH) and the change in volume (ΔV) are both zero, but the change in entropy (ΔS) is not zero. Mixing two ideal solutions typically results in an increase in entropy due to the increased randomness of the mixed components.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect**.

### Final Summary of Statements:
- **Statement 1:** Correct
- **Statement 2:** Incorrect
- **Statement 3:** Correct
- **Statement 4:** Incorrect

### Final Answer:
The correct statements are **1 and 3**.

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