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A cell contains two hydrogen electrodes....

A cell contains two hydrogen electrodes. The negative electrode is in contact with a solution of `10^(-6)M` hydrogen ions. The `EMF` of the cell is `0.118V` at `25^(@)C`. Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions at the positive electrode.

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To solve the problem, we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Understand the setup of the electrochemical cell We have a cell with two hydrogen electrodes. The negative electrode (anode) is in contact with a solution of \(10^{-6} M\) hydrogen ions, while the positive electrode (cathode) has an unknown concentration of hydrogen ions. ### Step 2: Write the Nernst equation for the cell The Nernst equation for a hydrogen electrode can be expressed as: \[ E_{\text{cell}} = E^{\circ} - \frac{0.0591}{n} \log \frac{[H^+]_{\text{cathode}}}{[H^+]_{\text{anode}}} \] For hydrogen electrodes, \(E^{\circ} = 0\) V, and \(n = 2\) (since 2 electrons are involved in the half-reaction). Thus, the equation simplifies to: \[ E_{\text{cell}} = -0.0591 \log \frac{[H^+]_{\text{cathode}}}{[H^+]_{\text{anode}}} \] ### Step 3: Substitute known values into the Nernst equation We know: - \(E_{\text{cell}} = 0.118 \, V\) - \([H^+]_{\text{anode}} = 10^{-6} M\) Substituting these values into the Nernst equation gives: \[ 0.118 = -0.0591 \log \frac{[H^+]_{\text{cathode}}}{10^{-6}} \] ### Step 4: Rearranging the equation First, divide both sides by \(-0.0591\): \[ \frac{0.118}{-0.0591} = \log \frac{[H^+]_{\text{cathode}}}{10^{-6}} \] Calculating the left side: \[ -1.996 = \log \frac{[H^+]_{\text{cathode}}}{10^{-6}} \] ### Step 5: Convert from logarithmic to exponential form Using the property of logarithms, we can convert this to: \[ \frac{[H^+]_{\text{cathode}}}{10^{-6}} = 10^{-1.996} \] Calculating \(10^{-1.996}\): \[ 10^{-1.996} \approx 0.0100 \] ### Step 6: Solve for \([H^+]_{\text{cathode}}\) Now, multiply both sides by \(10^{-6}\): \[ [H^+]_{\text{cathode}} = 0.0100 \times 10^{-6} = 10^{-4} M \] ### Final Answer The concentration of hydrogen ions at the positive electrode (cathode) is: \[ \boxed{10^{-4} M} \]

To solve the problem, we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Understand the setup of the electrochemical cell We have a cell with two hydrogen electrodes. The negative electrode (anode) is in contact with a solution of \(10^{-6} M\) hydrogen ions, while the positive electrode (cathode) has an unknown concentration of hydrogen ions. ### Step 2: Write the Nernst equation for the cell The Nernst equation for a hydrogen electrode can be expressed as: \[ ...
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