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Which statement is/are correct(more than...

Which statement is/are correct(more than one correct) ?
(a) In aqueous solution `A1` gives hydrated ions `[A1(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(3+)`
(b) Most of aluminium compounds are covalent because formation of `A1^(3+)` requires much more energy `(=5138 kJ mo1^(-1))` which is not available ordinarily
(c ) In aqueous solution `A1` forms hydrated ions becuse og high (negative) heat of hydration of `A1^(3+)` compensates the high `IE_(3)` of `A1`
(d) Magnitude of hydration energy of `A1^(3+)lt IE_(3)` of `A1` .

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To determine which statements about aluminum (Al) are correct, let's analyze each statement step by step. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Statement (a)**: "In aqueous solution, Al gives hydrated ions \([Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}\)." - **Analysis**: When aluminum chloride \((AlCl_3)\) is dissolved in water, it hydrolyzes to form hydrated aluminum ions. The aluminum ion \((Al^{3+})\) coordinates with water molecules to form the complex ion \([Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}\). This statement is **correct**. 2. **Statement (b)**: "Most of aluminum compounds are covalent because formation of \(Al^{3+}\) requires much more energy \((=5138 \, kJ \, mol^{-1})\) which is not available ordinarily." - **Analysis**: The formation of \(Al^{3+}\) from elemental aluminum involves significant ionization energy, which is indeed high. This high energy requirement makes it difficult for aluminum to exist in the ionic form in many compounds, leading to the predominance of covalent character in its compounds. Therefore, this statement is also **correct**. 3. **Statement (c)**: "In aqueous solution, Al forms hydrated ions because of high (negative) heat of hydration of \(Al^{3+}\) compensates the high \(IE_3\) of Al." - **Analysis**: The hydration of \(Al^{3+}\) releases a large amount of energy (high negative heat of hydration), which can compensate for the high ionization energy required to form \(Al^{3+}\). This means that despite the high energy needed to ionize aluminum, the energy released during hydration allows for the formation of hydrated ions. Thus, this statement is **correct**. 4. **Statement (d)**: "Magnitude of hydration energy of \(Al^{3+}\) is less than \(IE_3\) of Al." - **Analysis**: This statement is incorrect. The hydration energy of \(Al^{3+}\) is actually greater than the ionization energy \(IE_3\) of Al, which is necessary for the formation of the hydrated ion. The high hydration energy compensates for the energy required for ionization. Therefore, this statement is **incorrect**. ### Conclusion: The correct statements are **(a)**, **(b)**, and **(c)**.

To determine which statements about aluminum (Al) are correct, let's analyze each statement step by step. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Statement (a)**: "In aqueous solution, Al gives hydrated ions \([Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}\)." - **Analysis**: When aluminum chloride \((AlCl_3)\) is dissolved in water, it hydrolyzes to form hydrated aluminum ions. The aluminum ion \((Al^{3+})\) coordinates with water molecules to form the complex ion \([Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}\). This statement is **correct**. 2. **Statement (b)**: "Most of aluminum compounds are covalent because formation of \(Al^{3+}\) requires much more energy \((=5138 \, kJ \, mol^{-1})\) which is not available ordinarily." ...
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