Compare and contrast the concepts of hybrid orbitals and molecular orbitals with respect to
(i) The number of atoms involved
(ii) The number of orbitals produced from a given number of ground state orbitals
(iii) The energies of the resulting orbitals with respect to one another

Explanation

To compare and contrast the concepts of hybrid orbitals and molecular orbitals, we will analyze them based on three criteria: (i) the number of atoms involved, (ii) the number of orbitals produced from a given number of ground state orbitals, and (iii) the energies of the resulting orbitals with respect to one another.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

**(i) Number of Atoms Involved:**
- **Hybrid Orbitals:** In the case of hybrid orbitals, only one central atom is involved. The atomic orbitals of this central atom mix to form hybrid orbitals. For example, in methane (CH₄), the carbon atom undergoes hybridization to form four equivalent sp³ hybrid orbitals.

- **Molecular Orbitals:** In contrast, molecular orbitals involve two atoms. The atomic orbitals of two different atoms combine to form molecular orbitals. For instance, in the formation of the H₂ molecule, the 1s orbitals of two hydrogen atoms combine to form bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals.
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