Which among the following molecules have minimum dipole moment ?

Options

A. `CH_(4)`
B. `C Cl_(4)`
C. `CHI_(3)`
D. `CHCl_(3)`

Explanation

To determine which among the given molecules has the minimum dipole moment, we need to analyze the molecular structures and their symmetry. The dipole moment (μ) is a vector quantity that depends on the separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule. A molecule will have a dipole moment if it has an asymmetrical distribution of charge.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Molecules**:
Let's assume the molecules given in the question are:
- A) HF (Hydrogen Fluoride)
- B) CH₄ (Methane)
- C) CCl₄ (Carbon Tetrachloride)
- D) CHI₃ (Iodoform)
- E) CSCl₃ (Trichloromethane)

2. **Analyze Symmetry**:
- **HF**: This molecule is polar due to the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and fluorine, resulting in a dipole moment.
- **CH₄**: Methane has a symmetrical tetrahedral structure, and the dipole moments of the C-H bonds cancel each other out. Thus, it has a dipole moment of zero.
- **CCl₄**: Similar to methane, carbon tetrachloride has a symmetrical tetrahedral structure. The dipole moments of the C-Cl bonds cancel out, resulting in a dipole moment of zero.
- **CHI₃**: This molecule is not symmetrical due to the presence of one hydrogen atom and three iodine atoms. The dipole moments do not cancel out, leading to a net dipole moment.
- **CSCl₃**: This molecule also has an asymmetrical structure with one carbon and three chlorine atoms. The dipole moments do not cancel out, resulting in a net dipole moment.

3. **Conclusion**:
The molecules CH₄ and CCl₄ are symmetrical and have a dipole moment of zero, while HF, CHI₃, and CSCl₃ have non-zero dipole moments. Therefore, the molecules with the minimum dipole moment are CH₄ and CCl₄, both having a dipole moment of zero.

### Final Answer:
The molecules with the minimum dipole moment are **CH₄ (Methane) and CCl₄ (Carbon Tetrachloride)**.