Assertion (A) : Graphite is a good conductor of heat and electricity .
Reason (R) : Free electron are spreadout in the structure of graphite .

Options

A. If both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is correct explanation of (A)
B. If both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not correct explanation of (A)
C. If (A) is correct , but (R) is incorrect
D. If (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze both the assertion and the reason provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Assertion**:
- The assertion states that "Graphite is a good conductor of heat and electricity."
- This is true because graphite has a unique structure that allows for the conduction of heat and electricity.

**Hint**: Consider the properties of materials that conduct heat and electricity.

2. **Analyzing the Structure of Graphite**:
- Graphite is an allotropic form of carbon and has a layered structure.
- Each carbon atom in graphite is bonded to three other carbon atoms in a planar arrangement, forming hexagonal rings.

**Hint**: Recall the hybridization of carbon in graphite and how it contributes to its structure.

3. **Hybridization in Graphite**:
- The carbon atoms in graphite are sp² hybridized. This means that one of the four valence electrons of carbon is not involved in bonding and remains free.
- The sp² hybridization allows for the formation of π-bonds, which create a delocalized electron system above and below the plane of carbon atoms.

**Hint**: Think about how hybridization affects the bonding and electron availability in a material.

4. **Understanding the Reason**:
- The reason states that "Free electrons are spread out in the structure of graphite."
- This is also true because the delocalized electrons can move freely within the layers of graphite, allowing it to conduct electricity and heat.

**Hint**: Consider how the mobility of electrons contributes to conductivity.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Both the assertion and the reason are correct.
- The reason provided is a correct explanation for the assertion because the presence of free electrons in graphite is what enables it to conduct heat and electricity effectively.

**Final Answer**: Both the assertion and the reason are correct, and the reason is a correct explanation for the assertion.

### Final Answer:
Both the assertion (A) and the reason (R) are correct, and R is the correct explanation for A.

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