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What is meant by hybridisation of atomic...

What is meant by hybridisation of atomic orbitals? Describe the shapes of `sp, sp^2, sp^3` hybrid orbitals.

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According to hybridisation theory, the % s-character in sp, sp^(2) and sp^(3) hybrid orbitals is 50, 33.3 and 25 respectively, but this is not true for all the species. When theta is the bond angle between equivalent hybrid orbitals then % s and p-character in hybrid orbitals (when only s and p-orbitals are involved in hybridisation) can be calculated by the following formula : costheta=(S)/(S-1)=(P-1)/(P) Q. Correct order of P-P bond length in the following compound is :