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How many metals are commercially reduced by Goldschmidt's aluminothermic process from the given metals ?
`Na, Pb, Al, Mn, Sn`.

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To determine how many metals from the given list are commercially reduced by Goldschmidt's aluminothermic process, we will analyze each metal one by one. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Metals**: The metals given are Sodium (Na), Lead (Pb), Aluminium (Al), Manganese (Mn), and Tin (Sn). 2. **Analyze Sodium (Na)**: - Sodium is extracted from rock salt (NaCl) through electrolysis, not by the aluminothermic process. - **Conclusion**: Sodium is not reduced by the aluminothermic process. 3. **Analyze Lead (Pb)**: - Lead is primarily extracted from its sulfide ore (PbS) using self-reduction, where it is converted to lead oxide and then reduced to lead. - **Conclusion**: Lead is not reduced by the aluminothermic process. 4. **Analyze Aluminium (Al)**: - Aluminium is extracted from bauxite ore using the Bayer process followed by electrolytic refining. Although aluminium is involved in the aluminothermic process, it is not reduced by it; rather, it is produced through electrolysis. - **Conclusion**: Aluminium is not reduced by the aluminothermic process. 5. **Analyze Manganese (Mn)**: - Manganese is extracted from its oxide ore using aluminium as a reducing agent in the aluminothermic process. The reaction involves aluminium displacing manganese from its oxide. - **Conclusion**: Manganese is reduced by the aluminothermic process. 6. **Analyze Tin (Sn)**: - Tin is typically extracted from its oxide using carbon as a reducing agent, not aluminium. - **Conclusion**: Tin is not reduced by the aluminothermic process. 7. **Final Count**: - From the analysis, only Manganese is reduced by the Goldschmidt's aluminothermic process. - Therefore, the total number of metals reduced by this process from the given list is **1**. ### Final Answer: Only **1 metal (Manganese)** is commercially reduced by Goldschmidt's aluminothermic process from the given metals. ---

To determine how many metals from the given list are commercially reduced by Goldschmidt's aluminothermic process, we will analyze each metal one by one. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Metals**: The metals given are Sodium (Na), Lead (Pb), Aluminium (Al), Manganese (Mn), and Tin (Sn). 2. **Analyze Sodium (Na)**: - Sodium is extracted from rock salt (NaCl) through electrolysis, not by the aluminothermic process. ...
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