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Actinoid contraction is greater from ele...

Actinoid contraction is greater from element to element than lanthanoid contraction. Why?

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The 5f electrons are more effectively shielded from nuclear charge. In other words the 5f electrons themselves provide poor shielding from element to element in the series.
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Reason of lanthanoid contraction is

What is meant by 'lanthanoid contraction'?

The gradual decrease in size (actionoid contraction) is from element to element is greater among the actinoids than that among the lanthanoids (lanthanoid contraction).

Assign reasons for the following : (i) The enthalpies of atomisation of transition elements are high. (ii) The transition metals and many of their compounds act as good catalyst. (iii) From element to element the actinoid contraction is greater than the lanthanoid contraction. (iv) The E^(@) value for the Mn^(3+)//Mn^(2+) couple is much more positive than that for Cr^(3+)//Cr^(2+) . (v) Scandium (Z = 21) does not exhibit variable oxidation states and yet it is regarded as transition element.

Assign reasons for the following : (i) Cu(I) ion is not known to exist in aqueous solutions. (ii) Transition metals are much harder than the alkali metals. (iii) From element to element, actinoid contraction is greater than the lanthanoid contraction.

Why actinoid contraction is more than lanthanoid contraction

Give an explanation for each of the following observations: (i) The gradual decrease in size (actinoid con-traction) from element to element is greater among the actinoids than that among the lanthanoids (lanthanoid contraction). (ii) The greater number of oxidation states are exhibited by the members in the middle of a transition series. (iii) With the same d-orbital (d^4) , Cr^(2+) ion is a reducing agent but Mn^(3+) ion is an oxidising agent.

(a) Complete the following chemical equations for reactions : (i) MnO_(4(aq))^(-) + S_(2)O_(3(aq))^(2-) + H_(2)O_((l)) to (ii) Cr_(2)O_(7 (aq))^(2-) + H_(2)S_((g)) + H_((aq))^(+) to (b) Give an explanation for each of the following observations : (i) The gradual decrease in size (actinoid contraction) from element to element is greater among the actinoids than that among the lanthanoids (lanthanoid contraction.) (ii) The greatest number of oxidation states are exhibited by the members in the middle of a transition series. (iii) With the same d-orbitals configuration (d^(4)) Cr^(2+) ion is a reducing agent but Mn^(3+) ion is an oxidising agent .

What is lanthanoid contraction? What are the consequences of lanthanoid contraction?

Lanthanoid contraction is due to increase in

CENGAGE CHEMISTRY ENGLISH-APPENDIX INORGANIC VOLUME 2-Short Answer Type
  1. Actinoid contraction is greater from element to element than lanthanoi...

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  2. Which metals are generally extracted by the electrolytic processes ? W...

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  3. What type of ores are roasted?

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  4. Give the names of the four most abundant elements in the earth's crust...

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  5. What is a mineral? How does it differ from an ore?

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  6. Why do some metals occur in the native state?

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  7. Name the method used for refining of : (a). Zirconium. (b). Nickel...

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  8. Can iron be purified by amalgamation?

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  9. Both iron and aluminium combine slowly with oxygen at room temperature...

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  10. What is the name given to solid phase of earth?

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  11. Give one example where hydrometallurgy is used for metal extraction?

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  12. Name the method of metal refining which is generally used when a metal...

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  13. When is electrolytic reduction applied for getting a metal?

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  14. What name is given to carbon reduction process for extracting the meta...

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  15. An ore has impurities which are attracted by magnet suggest process fo...

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  16. In moist air, copper corrodes to produce a green layer on the surface....

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  17. The value ofDelta (f) G^(Ө) for formation of Cr(2) O(3) is – 540 kJmo...

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  18. What do you understand by roasting in presence of NaCl?

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  19. Why NF3 cannot be hydrolysed, while NCl3 can be readily hydrolysed?

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  20. Why NI5 does not exist While PCl5 exists?

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  21. Why the boiling point of ammonia is greater than phosphine?

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