Which of the following statements is/are correct ?

Options

A. 4-Chlorophenol (I) will dissolve in NaOH bbut 4-chloro-1-methyl benzene (II) will not.
B. 4-Methyl benzoic (III) acid will dissolve in aq. `NaHCO_(3)` but 4-methyl phenol (IV) will not.
C. 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol (V) will dissolve in aq. `NaHCO_(3)` but 4-methyl phenol (VI) will not.
D. 4-Ethyl phenol (VII) will dissolve in aq. NaOH but ethyl phenyl ether (VII) will not.

Explanation

To determine which statements are correct regarding the solubility of various compounds in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃), we will analyze each statement step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze Statement 1
**Statement:** 4-chlorophenol will dissolve in NaOH but 4-chloro-1-methylbenzene will not.

**Analysis:**
- **4-chlorophenol** has a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a benzene ring, making it acidic. The chlorine atom has a -I (inductive) effect, which increases the acidity of the phenol.
- **4-chloro-1-methylbenzene** (also known as p-chloro-toluene) has a methyl group (-CH₃) which has a +I (inductive) effect, decreasing acidity.
- Since NaOH is a strong base, it will react with the acidic 4-chlorophenol but not with the non-acidic 4-chloro-1-methylbenzene.

**Conclusion:** Statement 1 is correct.

### Step 2: Analyze Statement 2
**Statement:** 4-methylbenzoic acid will dissolve in sodium bicarbonate but 4-methylphenol will not.

**Analysis:**
- **4-methylbenzoic acid** is a carboxylic acid and can donate a proton (H⁺), making it acidic. It will react with sodium bicarbonate (a weak base) to form a salt and carbonic acid.
- **4-methylphenol** is less acidic due to the +I effect of the methyl group, which reduces its ability to donate a proton.

**Conclusion:** Statement 2 is correct.

### Step 3: Analyze Statement 3
**Statement:** 2,4,6-trinitrophenol will dissolve in sodium bicarbonate.

**Analysis:**
- **2,4,6-trinitrophenol** (also known as picric acid) is a very strong acid due to the presence of three nitro groups (-NO₂) which have a -M (mesomeric) effect, increasing acidity.
- It can react with sodium bicarbonate, which is a weak base.

**Conclusion:** Statement 3 is correct.

### Step 4: Analyze Statement 4
**Statement:** Ethylphenol will dissolve in sodium hydroxide but phenyl ether will not.

**Analysis:**
- **Ethylphenol** is a weak acid due to the presence of the hydroxyl group (-OH) and can react with NaOH.
- **Phenyl ether** (an ether derived from phenol) does not have any acidic hydrogen and therefore will not react with NaOH.

**Conclusion:** Statement 4 is correct.

### Final Conclusion
All four statements are correct. Thus, the answer is that all statements (a, b, c, and d) are correct.

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