Which among the following compounds will not give effervescence with sodium bicarbonate ?

Options

A. `C_(6)H_(5)CO_(2)H`
B. `C_(6)H_(5)SO_(3)H`
C. `C_(6)H_(5)OH`
D. Picric acid

Explanation

To determine which compound will not give effervescence with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃), we need to understand the nature of the compounds involved and their acidity. Sodium bicarbonate reacts with strong acids to produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas, which is observed as effervescence.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Nature of Sodium Bicarbonate**:
- Sodium bicarbonate is a weak base. It reacts with strong acids to produce carbon dioxide gas, water, and a salt.

2. **List the Compounds**:
- The compounds mentioned are likely to include benzoic acid, benzene sulfonic acid, picric acid, and phenol.

3. **Determine the Acidity of Each Compound**:
- **Benzoic Acid**: This is a carboxylic acid and is a strong acid compared to phenol. It will react with sodium bicarbonate to produce effervescence.
- **Benzene Sulfonic Acid**: This is also a strong acid and will react with sodium bicarbonate, producing effervescence.
- **Picric Acid**: This is a trinitrophenol, which has strong acidic properties due to the presence of electron-withdrawing nitro groups. It will also react with sodium bicarbonate and produce effervescence.
- **Phenol**: This is a weak acid and does not react with sodium bicarbonate. Therefore, it will not produce effervescence.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Among the given compounds, **phenol** is the only one that will not give effervescence with sodium bicarbonate because it is not sufficiently acidic to react with it.

### Final Answer:
**Phenol will not give effervescence with sodium bicarbonate.**