Which of the following statements are correct?

Options

A. Ethanenitrile on partial hydrolysis gives acetamide.
B. Ethanenitrile on complete hydrolysis gives acetic acid and `NH_(3)`.
C. Cyanides are hydrolysed with aqueous mineral acids or alkali.
D. Isocyanides are hydrolysed with dilute acids and not by alkali.

Explanation

To determine which statements regarding isocyanides and cyanides are correct, we will analyze each statement step by step based on the information provided in the video transcript.

### Step 1: Analyze Partial Hydrolysis of Ethane Nitrile
- **Ethane nitrile (CH3C≡N)** undergoes partial hydrolysis when treated with water (H2O).
- The nitrogen atom, being more electronegative, attracts electrons, resulting in a partial negative charge on nitrogen and a partial positive charge on carbon.
- When H2O is added, the H+ ion will attack the nitrogen, and the OH- ion will attack the carbon.

**Result:** This reaction leads to the formation of acetamide (CH3C(=O)NH2).

### Step 2: Analyze Complete Hydrolysis of Ethane Nitrile
- If we continue the hydrolysis process by adding more water, we can achieve complete hydrolysis.
- In this case, H+ will again attack the nitrogen, and OH- will attack the carbon.

**Result:** This results in the formation of acetic acid (CH3C(=O)OH) and ammonia (NH3).

### Step 3: Evaluate Statement A
- **Statement A:** Ethane nitrile on partial hydrolysis gives acetamide.
- From our analysis in Step 1, this statement is correct.

### Step 4: Evaluate Statement B
- **Statement B:** Ethane nitrile on complete hydrolysis gives acetic acid and ammonia.
- From our analysis in Step 2, this statement is also correct.

### Step 5: Evaluate Statement C
- **Statement C:** Cyanides are hydrolyzed with aqueous mineral acid or alkali.
- This is true as cyanides can be hydrolyzed using either acids or bases.

### Step 6: Evaluate Statement D
- **Statement D:** Isocyanides cannot be hydrolyzed by alkali.
- This is correct because isocyanides (or isonitriles) do not undergo hydrolysis in the presence of alkali.

### Conclusion
After evaluating all statements:
- Statement A: Correct
- Statement B: Correct
- Statement C: Correct
- Statement D: Correct

**Final Answer:** All statements (A, B, C, and D) are correct.

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