` CHCl_3 overset (HNO_3) (rarr) (X)` In the above sequence , (X ) is :

Options

A. Nitrochloromethane
B. Chloropicrin
C. Ethanenitrile
D. None of the above

Explanation

To determine the compound (X) formed when chloroform (CHCl₃) reacts with nitric acid (HNO₃), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
The reactants in this reaction are chloroform (CHCl₃) and nitric acid (HNO₃).

### Step 2: Write the Structure of Chloroform
Chloroform can be represented structurally as:
```
Cl
|
H - C - Cl
|
Cl
```
This shows that chloroform has one hydrogen atom and three chlorine atoms attached to a carbon atom.

### Step 3: Understand the Reaction Mechanism
When chloroform reacts with nitric acid, a substitution reaction occurs. The hydrogen atom from chloroform and the hydroxyl group (OH) from nitric acid combine to form water (H₂O), which is eliminated from the reaction.

### Step 4: Identify the Product
The remaining structure after the elimination of water will have one of the chlorine atoms replaced by a nitro group (NO₂) from the nitric acid. The product formed is known as nitrochloroform or chloropicrin.

### Step 5: Write the Structure of the Product
The structure of chloropicrin (or nitrochloroform) can be represented as:
```
Cl
|
H - C - NO₂
|
Cl
```
This indicates that one chlorine atom has been replaced by a nitro group.

### Step 6: Conclusion
Thus, the compound (X) formed from the reaction of chloroform with nitric acid is chloropicrin.

### Final Answer
(X) is chloropicrin.

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