An alteration in the base sequence of nucleic acid molecule is:

Options

A. Relication
B. Mutation
C. Duplication
D. Dislocation

Answer

To solve the question regarding the alteration in the base sequence of a nucleic acid molecule, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Question**: The question asks for a term that describes an alteration in the base sequence of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA).

2. **Analyze the Options**:
- **Option 1: Replication** - This is the process by which DNA is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. It does not involve alteration in the base sequence.
- **Option 2: Mutation** - This refers to a permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of the genome. It directly relates to alterations in the base sequence.
- **Option 3: Duplication** - This usually refers to a process where a segment of DNA is copied, but it does not specifically denote an alteration in the sequence.
- **Option 4: Dislocation** - This term is not commonly used in the context of nucleic acids and does not describe a change in the sequence.

3. **Identify the Correct Answer**: Based on the analysis, the term that best describes an alteration in the base sequence of a nucleic acid molecule is **Mutation**.

4. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer is **Option 2: Mutation**.

### Final Answer:
The alteration in the base sequence of a nucleic acid molecule is known as **Mutation**.

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